It occurs when cells in the breast tissue grow uncontrollably. It usually begins in the milk ducts or lobules. Breast cancer may not show any symptoms in the early stages. The most common symptoms include a lump, swelling, skin retraction or discoloration in the breast. Early diagnosis increases the success of treatment. Routine check-ups and mammography are important. Treatment can be done with methods such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
What are the symptoms of breast cancer?
The most common symptom is a painless, hard mass felt in the breast or armpit. This mass usually has irregular edges and can grow over time. Swelling in the breast, enlargement of one side compared to the other, or differences in shape are conditions that should be taken into consideration. Redness, thickening, or an orange peel appearance may be noticed on the breast skin. This condition is inflamed breast cancer It may be a sign of a rare species such as.
Conditions such as the nipple turning inward, changing position or developing sensitivity are observed. Bloody or clear discharge from the nipple may also be a symptom. The skin may become indented or dimpled in any area of the breast. This may indicate an underlying tumor. Persistent pain or sensitivity in the breast or nipple should be evaluated. Swollen lymph nodes may be seen in the armpit or neck area. This may indicate that the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. If any of these symptoms are noticed, a health care professional should be consulted immediately. Early diagnosis, breast cancer can greatly increase treatment success. Routine check-ups are especially important for individuals with risk factors.
What Causes Breast Cancer?
Gene mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 may increase the risk. breast cancer The probability of the disease is high in individuals with a history of estrogen and progesterone. High levels of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone may increase the risk. Especially long-term exposure to hormones such as early menarche and late menopause increases the risk. The risk increases with age. It is especially likely to be seen in women over the age of 50. Obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of physical activity are factors that increase the risk.
Lack of healthy eating habits and smoking can also affect this risk. Exposure to radiation can increase the risk. Long-term exposure to chemicals is also a risk factor. Having had cancer before increases the risk of developing it again. Having dense breast tissue can also affect the risk. Breast cancer Early diagnosis and regular health checks against the problem increase the treatability of the disease. Being aware of risk factors and adopting a healthy lifestyle are among the preventive measures.
What are the Breast Cancer Treatment Methods?
Lumpectomy aims to preserve most of the breast tissue by removing the tumor and a small amount of healthy tissue around it. Early stage breast cancer It is preferred during. Mastectomy is the process of removing all breast tissue. It can be applied unilaterally or bilaterally. In some cases, skin-sparing mastectomy is performed to protect the breast skin. The breast can be reshaped with reconstructive surgery.
The aim is to destroy cancer cells using high energy beams. It is usually applied to destroy cancer cells that remain after surgery. Drug therapy is applied to destroy cancer cells or stop their growth. It is used to shrink the tumor before surgery or to destroy cancer cells that remain after surgery. In hormone receptor positive cancer, drugs that regulate hormone levels are used to prevent tumor growth. It is effective in tumors that are sensitive to estrogen and progesterone hormones.
Drugs are used to target specific molecular targets in cancer cells. This aims to destroy cancer cells without harming healthy cells. It is especially effective in HER2 positive cancer. Immunotherapy is a treatment method that strengthens the immune system and enables it to fight cancer cells. Some breast cancer It is used in types. The treatment plan is determined by oncology specialists according to the patient's specific condition. Early diagnosis significantly increases treatment success; therefore, regular check-ups and screenings are of great importance.
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