It occurs due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells lining the inner surface of the large intestine. It usually originates from polyps. These polyps can turn into cancer over time. Colon cancer It does not show any symptoms in the early stages. In the later stages, abdominal pain, blood in the stool and weight loss may be seen. Risk factors include age, genetic predisposition and eating habits. Early diagnosis increases the success of treatment.
What are the symptoms of colon cancer?
Colon cancer People with this condition may experience changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation. There may also be changes in the shape and consistency of the stool. Bright red or dark blood may be noticed on the stool or on toilet paper. This symptom is one of the important symptoms and should not be ignored. Cramping pains, bloating and discomfort may occur in the abdominal area. These pains usually occur due to the growth of a tumor in the intestine.
It may be a symptom of sudden and unexplained weight loss. This may develop as a result of the tumor increasing energy consumption in the body or causing loss of appetite. The progression of cancer and hidden blood loss can lead to anemia, which can cause constant fatigue and weakness in the person. The feeling that the bowels have not completely emptied after going to the toilet, colon cancer It may be a symptom. The tumor taking up space in the intestines causes this condition. If the stool is thin and ribbon-shaped, it may indicate a blockage or narrowing in the intestines.
What Causes Colon Cancer?
In the family colon cancer The risk is higher in individuals with a history of cancer. The probability of occurrence increases in individuals aged 50 and over. Consumption of red meat and processed meat increases the risk. Low-fiber foods negatively affect intestinal health. Smoking and alcohol use significantly increase the risk. Being overweight increases the risk. Lack of physical activity can increase the risk. Diseases such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis can lead to cancer. Polyps in the intestine can turn into cancer over time. Previous radiation treatments colon cancer may increase the risk.
How Is Colon Cancer Diagnosed?
The doctor will ask the patient about their symptoms, family history of cancer, and lifestyle in detail. A physical examination will then be performed to assess for swelling, tenderness, or a mass in the abdominal area. A complete blood count and biochemical tests will be performed to detect anemia and assess liver function. In addition, colon cancer may be a symptom of CEA'stheir sinks are checked.
A stool blood test can be performed to determine occult blood loss. This test is important for early detection of lesions that may occur in the intestine. Colonoscopy is the most effective method used to examine the inner surface of the large intestine. When abnormal tissue is seen, a biopsy is taken to make a definitive diagnosis. Sigmoidoscopy is similar to colonoscopy but only examines the lower part of the intestines. Computed tomography (CT) is used for detailed imaging in the abdomen. It is effective in assessing the location and size of the tumor.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is preferred to examine the spread of the tumor to other tissues. PET-CT can be used in advanced stages to understand whether the cancer has spread throughout the body. In order to confirm the diagnosis, the tissue sample taken during the colonoscopy is sent for pathological examination. The type and stage of cancer cells are determined by this examination. Genetic mutation tests can be performed on patients with a family history. Genetic factors such as Lynch syndrome or FAP colon cancer Early diagnosis increases the success of the treatment process and prolongs life.
How Is Colon Cancer Treated?
The process of removing cancerous tissue and surrounding healthy tissue is applied. It is an effective treatment method in the early stages. Drug therapy is applied to destroy cancer cells or slow their growth. It is also used to reduce the risk of recurrence after surgery. Cancer cells are targeted and destroyed with high-energy rays.
It is particularly effective in shrinking tumors. In targeted therapy, specific drugs that prevent the growth of cancer cells are used. It can be applied together with other treatments. Immunotherapy is a treatment method that supports the immune system in attacking cancer cells. The risk of recurrence is reduced with regular check-ups and screenings after treatment. The treatment method, colon cancer is determined by the stage and general health of the patient.
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