Colon Cancer Treatment

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells lining the lining of the large intestine (colon). It is common worldwide. When diagnosed early, it can be treated effectively. Colon cancer treatment The methods vary depending on the stage of the disease, its spread and the health status of the patient.

Surgical Colon Cancer Treatment Methods

Surgery is one of the most effective methods in the treatment of colon cancer. It is usually planned according to the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor and the general health of the patient. Surgery usually provides a cure for early-stage colon cancer. In advanced stages, it can be applied in combination with other treatment methods.

Colon cancer usually develops from polyps. If the cancer is caught at a very early stage and the tumor is small, the tumor can be removed by polypectomy during a colonoscopy. Local excision is used for more superficial tumors and can eliminate the need for surgery.

It is a surgical procedure in which the area of the colon where the tumor is located and some of the surrounding healthy tissue are removed. Lymph nodes are usually removed during the same procedure and examined to determine if the cancer has spread.

In some cases, the entire colon may need to be removed. During this operation, a connection is created between the small intestine and the rectum or anus.

Laparoscopic surgery is less invasive and is performed through smaller incisions, which shortens recovery time and reduces the risk of post-operative complications.

If complete removal of the tumor is not possible or if there is a bowel obstruction, a stoma may need to be created to remove stool from the body. This is usually a temporary measure, but in some cases it can be permanent.

Surgery plays a critical role in improving long-term survival in colon cancer. However, each patient's situation is different and the treatment plan must be determined on an individual basis.

Conservative Colon Cancer Treatment Methods

Conservative Colon cancer treatment methods aim to manage with non-surgical approaches. Surgery is applied as a complementary or independent treatment option at certain stages of the disease. These methods are planned according to the patient's general health status, the stage of the cancer and individual needs.

Chemotherapy is a common conservative treatment for colon cancer. It uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.

It may be used before surgery to shrink a tumor or destroy any remaining cancer cells. It is also used to relieve symptoms and prolong life in metastatic colon cancer.

Radiotherapy aims to destroy cancer cells using high-energy rays. It is preferred in the treatment of tumors located in the lower parts of the colon. It can be applied to shrink the tumor before surgery and to reduce the risk of recurrence after surgery. Radiotherapy can be an effective alternative, especially in patients who cannot undergo surgery.

Targeted therapy is done with drugs. This treatment method is chosen depending on the molecular characteristics of the cancer. It is applied to patients with metastatic colon cancer. For example, drugs such as VEGF or EGFR inhibitors are included in this category.

Immunotherapy aims to fight cancer by strengthening the immune system. It is effective in microsatellite instability (MSI-H) positive tumors. This method is a promising option for advanced colon cancer patients.

Conservative Colon cancer treatment, aims to improve the quality of life in colon cancer. It also helps to control the disease. These methods are usually applied as part of a multidisciplinary approach.

After Colon Cancer Treatment

Colon cancer treatment The post-treatment process supports recovery and improves quality of life. In addition, this period plays a critical role in preventing cancer recurrence. This process is planned with regular medical check-ups, lifestyle changes and psychological support. Post-treatment follow-up plays a critical role in successful management of the disease.

After treatment, patients should visit their doctors at regular intervals. These check-ups include physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests (CT, MRI) and colonoscopy. The first 5 years in particular require more rigorous monitoring as the risk of recurrence is the highest.

A healthy diet supports recovery after treatment. A diet rich in fiber, vegetables and fruits is recommended, while processed foods and excessive red meat consumption should be avoided. Regular exercise also strengthens the immune system and supports overall health.

Cancer treatment has psychological as well as physical effects. Patients may experience difficulties such as anxiety, depression or social isolation. Counselling, group therapy or participation in support groups can help patients cope with this process.

Side effects such as changes in bowel habits, pain or fatigue may occur after treatment. Such problems should be monitored by a doctor and managed appropriately.

Colon cancer treatment The post-treatment period focuses on maintaining a cancer-free life with a healthy lifestyle and regular follow-ups. During this process, cooperation between the patient and the healthcare team is critical to a successful recovery.