Graves' Disease

It is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much hormone. This leads to hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease Symptoms include rapid heartbeat, weight loss, irritability, sweating and puffy eyes. It is more common in women. The exact cause is unknown, but genetics and environmental factors play a role. Treatment options include medication, radioactive iodine and surgery.

What are the symptoms of Graves' disease?

There is an increase in heart rate. Fine tremors may be seen in the hands or body. Increase in body temperature and sweating occurs. Intolerance to hot environments may occur. Weight loss occurs despite increased appetite. There is weakness, especially in the leg and arm muscles. Swelling occurs in the neck due to enlargement of the thyroid gland.

The skin may become thin, damp or red. The eyeballs appear to be pushed outwards. There is a dry and gritty feeling in the eyes. Double vision may occur due to the eye muscles being affected. The eyelids are pulled back and the whites of the eyes become visible. Bright light is uncomfortable.

Graves' disease Those who experience it experience restlessness and anxiety. There may be difficulty sleeping or frequent waking. Concentration problems may be experienced. There may be irregularity in menstrual cycles and decreased bleeding. The risk of premature birth or miscarriage increases. Hair loss or thinning is observed. There may be increased bowel movements and frequent defecation. Energy levels decrease and fatigue is felt. Graves' disease, can be controlled with early diagnosis and treatment. If you experience several of these symptoms, it is important to consult an endocrinologist.

What Causes Graves' Disease?

It is more common in people with a family history of autoimmune diseases. Certain genetic variations can cause the immune system to mistakenly attack the thyroid gland. If there is a family history of autoimmune thyroid diseases or other autoimmune diseases, the risk of the disease increases. The immune system normally protects the body from harmful organisms. However, Graves disease During menstruation, the immune system produces TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb). These antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland to overwork.

This leads to uncontrolled production of thyroid hormones. Smoking increases the risk of the disease and especially eye complications. High iodine intake can disrupt thyroid function, especially in people with a genetic predisposition. Stress can trigger the disease or worsen existing symptoms. Hormonal changes, such as pregnancy, the postpartum period or menopause, especially in women, trigger it.

It is 5 to 10 times more common in women than in men. The risk is higher in individuals with other autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus. Some viral and bacterial infections can trigger the disease by affecting the immune system. Overactivity of the immune system after infection leads to the production of antibodies against the thyroid gland. Graves' disease If left untreated it can lead to serious complications.

How Is Graves' Disease Treated?

Antithyroid medications are used to reduce thyroid hormone production (for example, Methimazole). Radioactive iodine is used to shrink the thyroid gland and reduce hormone production. Beta blockers control symptoms such as heart palpitations, sweating, and tremors.

Part or all of the thyroid gland is surgically removed. Artificial tears, corticosteroids, and special surgery are used to relieve eye symptoms. Graves' disease If you are experiencing stress, stress management, healthy eating and adequate sleep are important.