Intestinal Obstruction

It is the condition in which the contents of the intestines cannot move forward. It may be due to mechanical or functional reasons. Mechanical obstruction occurs due to tumor, hernia or adhesion. Functional obstruction occurs as a result of the intestinal muscles not working. Severe abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and abdominal swelling are among the symptoms. Intestinal obstruction Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause. In some cases, surgery may be required.

What are the symptoms of intestinal obstruction?

It usually starts suddenly, is severe and cramp-like. Pain may vary depending on the area of the blockage. The abdomen becomes swollen and hard due to gas and fluids accumulating in the intestine. There may be tenderness when touched. Intestinal obstruction Due to this, stomach contents cannot move forward and vomiting occurs. In advanced stages, bile and feces-like vomiting may occur.

As the obstruction progresses, bowel movements stop. The absence of gas and stool is a serious symptom. If there is a complete obstruction, constipation occurs. In the case of a partial obstruction, diarrhea-like liquid stools may occur. If an infection develops, fever may increase. Blood pressure may drop and heart rate may increase due to fluid loss. Intestinal obstruction It is a life-threatening condition. If you experience these symptoms, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

What Causes Intestinal Obstruction?

Previous surgery or infection causes the walls of the intestines to stick together. A section of the intestines protrudes from the abdominal wall and becomes compressed. Cancer or benign tumors can narrow the intestinal canal and cause an obstruction. The intestines twist around themselves and become compressed. A section of the intestines folds in on themselves, creating an obstruction. Large gallstones or swallowed foreign objects. intestinal obstruction may cause it to happen.

After surgery, infections, severe electrolyte imbalances, or certain diseases that cause bowel movements to stop. Sepsis or intestinal inflammation can slow down bowel movements. Diseases such as Parkinson's and diabetic neuropathy can affect bowel movements. Intestinal obstruction It is a condition that requires immediate medical attention. If symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, and inability to pass stool are observed, a doctor should be consulted.

How is Intestinal Obstruction Treated?

Intravenous fluids are given to prevent dehydration and restore electrolyte balance. A tube is inserted through the nose into the stomach to empty the stomach and intestinal contents, providing relief for the patient. Oral feeding is stopped and the patient is fed intravenously. Painkillers and antiemetics are given to reduce pain and prevent nausea. In some cases, medications that stimulate bowel movements may be used.

However, these drugs are not recommended in cases of mechanical obstruction. Antibiotic treatment may be started in patients at risk of infection. Mechanical intestinal obstruction usually requires surgery. Adhesions, tumors or hernias are removed to provide intestinal patency. If there is severe damage or gangrene in the intestine, the damaged section of intestine is removed and the healthy ends of the intestine are joined together. If joining the ends of the intestine is not possible, an opening (stoma) can be made in the abdominal wall to allow stool to pass out of the body. In some cases, less invasive procedures can be performed as an alternative to surgery.

In cases of colonic obstruction in particular, a stent may be placed to provide intestinal patency. In cases of mild or partial obstruction, the intestines may be rested to allow the obstruction to open on its own. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be required. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs are used. Intestinal obstruction It is a serious health problem and early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital. Mild cases can be treated with supportive care. Mechanical obstruction often requires surgery. If there are symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating or difficulty defecating, a doctor should be consulted immediately.