Rectal Cancer Treatment

Rectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the last part of the digestive system, the colorectal cancer. The rectum is the last part of the large intestine and is the area where stool passes before being expelled from the body. Rectal cancer treatment, includes different methods depending on many different factors.

Rectal Cancer Treatment Options

Treatment may vary depending on the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor, and the general health of the patient. The main treatment methods are surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and biological treatments.

Surgery is the most common treatment for rectal cancer. In early-stage rectal cancer, if the tumor is small and has not spread, it can be removed with a procedure called local excision. In more advanced stages, some or all of the rectum may need to be removed. This operation is called a “resection,” and the lymph nodes are usually removed as well.

Radiotherapy may be used before or after surgery, especially if the tumor has spread to the rectal wall. This treatment method aims to destroy cancer cells with high-energy rays. It can make the surgery more effective by shrinking the tumor.

Chemotherapy is used when cancer cannot be completely removed or when there is metastasis. Drugs that kill cancer cells can be given intravenously or orally. This method is usually used to prevent cancer from coming back after surgery.

Biological treatments are used in some cases of rectal cancer. This treatment method aims to fight cancer cells by strengthening the body's immune system. It may be suitable for certain patients based on genetic characteristics.

Rectal cancer treatment The options are often applied together. Each patient's condition is evaluated individually and the most appropriate treatment plan is created.

Rectal Cancer Treatment Process

Rectal cancer treatment The treatment process is shaped by the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor and the general health status of the patient. The treatment process is carried out by a multidisciplinary approach, with more than one specialist doctor working together.

• The first step in the process is a detailed evaluation and diagnosis. This involves imaging tests such as colonoscopy, biopsy, CT scans and MRIs to determine the stage and spread of the cancer.
• The main step in the treatment process is usually surgery. In the early stages of cancer, if the tumor is small, only the cancerous part of the rectum is removed with local excision. In more advanced stages, part or all of the rectum may be removed. The type of surgery depends on where the tumor is located in the rectum and whether it has spread to the lymph nodes.
• Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be given before or after surgery. Radiotherapy is used to shrink cancer cells and make surgery easier.
• Chemotherapy is used to prevent cancer from recurring or spreading to other organs. These treatments are usually used as a support for surgery.

After the treatment process is completed, patients are followed up at regular intervals. Rectal cancer can recur after treatment. Therefore, monitoring with blood tests, imaging methods and colonoscopy is important. In addition, lifestyle changes and nutritional recommendations are also evaluated as part of the process.

Recovery Process After Rectal Cancer Treatment

The recovery process after treatment varies depending on the stage of the disease, the treatment method applied and the general health status of the patient. In this process, both physical and psychological recovery play an important role.

The recovery process after surgery may vary depending on the type of surgery. It takes time for patients' bowel functions to return to normal, especially when part or all of the rectum is removed.

Patients may stay in the hospital for several days after surgery. It may take weeks for bowel movements to return to normal. In some cases, a temporary or permanent colostomy bag may be used, which allows stool to pass through an opening in the abdomen.

The recovery process after radiotherapy and chemotherapy also varies from person to person. These treatments cause side effects in the body such as fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite and skin sensitivity. These effects subside over time, but it can take several months for the body to fully recover.

The immune system may weaken after treatment. Therefore, it is important for patients to be careful against infections.

The recovery process after treatment can be challenging not only physically but also psychologically. The patient may seek support due to concerns about cancer recurrence and a decrease in quality of life.

In conclusion, rectal cancer treatment The post-operative recovery process requires patience and support. With regular follow-up, a healthy lifestyle, and appropriate support, patients can live a better quality of life.