Internal bleeding occurs as a result of the rupture of the spleen capsule. Spleen rupture, usually occurs after trauma, traffic accidents or impact. Sudden abdominal pain, pain in the left shoulder and dizziness may occur. It is life-threatening due to internal bleeding. Ultrasound and tomography are used for diagnosis. In mild cases, follow-up may be sufficient. In severe cases, surgery may be required. Rapid intervention is life-saving.
Causes of Spleen Rupture
It can be caused by direct trauma such as traffic accidents, falls, getting hit, and sports accidents. Some infections and diseases such as mononucleosis cause the spleen to enlarge and become sensitive. An enlarged spleen can rupture even as a result of a mild blow.
Liver disease can cause the spleen to enlarge and increase blood pressure. This can weaken the spleen and increase the risk of rupture. Leukemia and other hematological diseases can cause excessive blood accumulation in the spleen, increasing the organ's sensitivity. Surgery in the abdominal area can sometimes damage the spleen.
Symptoms of Spleen Rupture
Spleen rupture, symptoms can be mild or severe. In some cases, the rupture may not cause symptoms because it is small. However, life-threatening bleeding can occur in severe cases. The most common symptom is severe pain in the upper left abdomen where the spleen is located. Shoulder pain may be felt as a result of nerve stimulation due to bleeding.
Stomach discomfort caused by internal bleeding can cause vomiting. Low blood pressure can occur due to internal bleeding, and dizziness and fainting can occur. Excessive blood loss can cause pale skin and excessive sweating. An increase in heart rate can occur as the body tries to compensate for the blood loss.
Diagnosis of Splenic Rupture
The abdomen is checked for tenderness. Bleeding in and around the spleen can be visualized with ultrasound. Computed tomography, spleen rupture It is one of the imaging methods that provide the most accurate results in diagnosis. Blood loss and changes in the body can be determined with blood tests.
Spleen Rupture Treatment Methods
Treatment methods may vary depending on the severity of the rupture. In mild cases, bed rest is recommended for the patient. Intravenous fluid therapy can be applied to prevent blood loss. The patient's blood pressure and general condition are constantly monitored. Embolization can be applied to stop bleeding in the spleen through angiography.
This method allows bleeding control without the need for complete removal of the spleen. spleen rupture If it is very large and bleeding cannot be stopped, the spleen may be removed entirely. Partial splenectomy is a type of surgery that allows part of the spleen to be preserved.
Life After Spleen Rupture
A person who has had their spleen removed will experience certain losses in their immune system. Because the spleen plays an important role in fighting infections. It is important to get regular vaccinations against infections such as meningitis, pneumonia and flu. Antibiotics can be used against the risk of infection if recommended by a doctor. It is necessary to undergo regular health checks to detect problems with the immune system early.
Conclusion
Spleen rupture, It is a serious health problem that must be diagnosed rapidly, especially after trauma. When symptoms are noticed, it is vital to apply to a health institution without delay. Conservative treatment may be possible in mild cases. Surgical intervention may be required in severe cases. It is possible for individuals who have had their spleens removed to live a healthy life by taking precautions against infections.
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