It covers various problems of the pancreas, which is involved in digestion and hormone production. The most common pancreatic diseases Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic and is usually caused by alcohol, gallstones or infection.
Pancreatic cancer gives late symptoms. Therefore, early diagnosis is difficult. Weight loss, jaundice and abdominal pain are seen. Treatment includes medication, surgery, endoscopic procedures or dietary changes depending on the type of disease. Early diagnosis and regular check-ups are very important for treatment.
Pancreatic Tumors
Pancreatic tumors are either benign or malignant masses. The most common type of malignant tumor is pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which usually develops in the head of the pancreas. Because these tumors do not cause symptoms in the early stages, diagnosis is usually made when the disease is in advanced stages.
Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal and back pain. Weight loss, loss of appetite and digestive problems may also occur. Benign tumors are generally less dangerous, but they can cause symptoms depending on their size and location.
Blood tests, imaging methods (ultrasound, MRI, CT) and biopsy are used to diagnose pancreatic tumors. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Early diagnosis is vital to increase treatment success.
Cystic Diseases of the Pancreas
Cystic Pancreatic diseases, occurs with the formation of fluid-filled cysts in the pancreas. These cysts can be benign or become malignant over time. The most common cystic diseases include pseudocysts, serous and mucinous cystadenomas, and IPMN. Pseudocysts usually occur after pancreatitis or trauma. Other cystic structures may have a genetic predisposition and grow slowly.
Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea and digestive problems. Diagnosis is made using methods such as ultrasound, MRCP and CT. Treatment may include monitoring, drainage or surgery, depending on the type of cyst. Regular monitoring is important to prevent malignant transformation.
Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer
Surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer is the most effective method for early-stage disease. Surgery usually aims to remove the cancerous area of the pancreas and surrounding tissue. The most common method is the Whipple operation. This procedure removes the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, and the gallbladder. Sometimes the stomach and lymph nodes can also be removed. If the cancer is in the body or tail of the pancreas, a distal pancreatectomy is performed.
Pancreatic diseases and surgical treatment of cancer is supported by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The recovery process after surgery requires careful care and regular follow-up. Surgery is the only method that can offer a chance of cure. However, it can only be applied to patients diagnosed early.
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