What is Thyroid Goiter?

It is a health problem that occurs when the thyroid gland grows beyond its normal size. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located at the front of the neck. It produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism. These hormones control the body's energy use. What is thyroid goiter? It can be caused by some problems with the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. It can occur in different types.

What are the symptoms of thyroid goiter?

It is a health problem caused by the enlargement of the thyroid gland located in the front of the neck. Goiter can present itself with different symptoms. These symptoms may vary depending on the cause of the goiter and the function of the thyroid gland.

The most obvious symptom of goiter is a visible swelling in the lower part of the neck. The swelling can also be felt by hand. This swelling can be in the form of a small nodule. It can also appear as a larger and more widespread growth.

In advanced stages, an enlarged thyroid gland can press on the windpipe. This can cause shortness of breath or difficulty swallowing. Hoarseness can also occur as a result of the thyroid gland pressing on surrounding structures.

Thyroid goiter, may be associated with increased (hyperthyroidism) or decreased (hypothyroidism) hormone production. Rapid heartbeat, irritability, and weight loss may occur. Sweating and shaking hands are also common. Weakness and weight gain are common. Dry skin, hair loss, and sensitivity to cold may also occur. Psychological symptoms such as depression may also occur.

Goiter may not cause any symptoms in some cases. It may be noticed during a routine examination. However, there may be discomfort in the neck area. The need to clear the throat frequently or a feeling of fullness in the throat is also common.

It is important to consult a doctor when symptoms are noticed. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment prevent serious complications.

What is Thyroid Goiter? What Causes It?

Thyroid goiter, is a disorder caused by the enlargement of the thyroid gland located in the front of the neck. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism and provide the body's energy balance. Normally, this gland is small and symmetrical in size. However, when it enlarges for some reason, a condition called goiter occurs.

• The most common cause of goiter is iodine deficiency. Iodine is needed for the production of thyroid hormones. When there is not enough iodine, the thyroid gland tries to produce more hormones and becomes larger.
• Goiter can be caused by autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto's disease or Graves' disease. In these diseases, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to enlarge.
• Goiter can be caused by benign or malignant nodules that form in the thyroid gland. Nodules usually do not cause symptoms, but sometimes they can cause the gland to enlarge.
• Excessive or insufficient production of hormones by the thyroid gland can lead to goiter. Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism causes the gland to enlarge.
• People with a family history of thyroid disease are at higher risk of developing goiter. Genetic predisposition is an important factor.
• Long-term use of certain medications can cause the thyroid gland to enlarge.

Goiter is usually noticed by a lump that can be felt or seen by the eye. When symptoms appear, early diagnosis and treatment are important. Patients should consult a specialist to develop an appropriate treatment plan based on the cause of the goiter.

Thyroid Goiter Treatment Methods

Thyroid goiter, is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland grows. Treatment varies depending on the size of the goiter, its cause and symptoms. While goiter may not require treatment in some cases, serious interventions may be required in some cases.

In cases of goiter due to iodine deficiency, treatment can be provided with iodine supplements. The patient is advised to consume salt or dietary supplements containing iodine. When iodine levels are balanced, the thyroid gland may stop growing or shrink.

Thyroid hormone medications, such as levothyroxine, are prescribed. These medications stop the growth of the goiter by regulating thyroid hormone levels. Medications such as methimazole or propylthiouracil are used. These medications reduce thyroid hormone production and relieve symptoms.

In cases of an overactive thyroid gland, radioactive iodine treatment may be used. Radioactive iodine is taken orally and shrinks the thyroid cells, reducing the size of the gland.

Large goiters can cause difficulty breathing or swallowing. In this case, surgical intervention may be required. During this procedure, all or part of the thyroid gland is removed. Surgery is also preferred if there is suspicion of cancer or thyroid nodules.

In cases of asymptomatic or mild goiter, regular follow-up may be sufficient. The doctor monitors the patient's condition and intervenes if growth occurs.

It is important to consult a specialist doctor to choose the right method for goiter treatment. What is thyroid goiter? A treatment plan should be created in accordance with the answer to the question. The treatment plan should be determined according to the patient's health status and the cause of the goiter.